Process of making agglomerates and agglutinants.



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UNITED STATES PATENT orrlon.

RENE ADOLPHE LE Mfnran or BRUSSELS, BELGIUM.

Specification of Letters Patent.

Patented July 24, 1906.

Application filed August 1a, 1906. Serial No. 274,184.

Belgium, have invented certain new and useful mprovements 1n Processes of Mak ng an A glomerate and Agglutinant, of which the fo lowing is a specification.

This invention relates to a process for the manufacture of a new agglutinant and aglomerating substance which is very comustible and is especiall intended for the manufacture of combusti le agglomerates or briquets, but canbe used also either alone or mixed with other substances for forming other lastic bodies, as well as for paint, coatricating materials, and the like. The base of this new substance is constit'uted by hydrocarbons, such as mineral oils. Agglutiriant substances obtained by the process according to this invention besides eing combustible and having great calorific and agglomerating power have also the ad- .vanta e of being very cheap and easily to manu acture and of being produced. in a sha e specially adapted for transport and for app ication for the manufacture of "briquets or agglomerates. fr;

The process according to this invention chiefly consists in modifying the statepf the hydrocarbon used by molecular condensation until a certain resinification takes place and in suchmanneras to ive it in. a new, more compact, and more ely-dfvided state a great a glomerating power without affecting itscom ustibility and heating power.

Molecular condensation of hydrocarbons is efiected in any well-known manner-for example, as described by Dr. Lassar Cohn in his work on the Methodes dc Travail pour les Labcmtoircs de Chimie Orgom'que that is to say, by acting by means of a condensation agent on nitrated, chlorinated, or oxidized derivatives or compounds in the presence of the hydrocarbon used. i

The operation is preferably effected in a closed vessel and at a hi h temperature. Nitrated or chlorinate derivatives or compounds used in this process are-obtained by sulfo-nitric or chloro-nitric mixture of any organic substances, referably of animal origin, such as the exu ation from the sebaceous glands, known in commerce under the name of suintf cholesterine, raw lanolin, &c-.

The refuse or the products of purification of the residual water from wool-washing es tablishments, &c., can be used with advantage.

Blood, excremental substances, meat refuse, &c., can also be used.

The .best hydrocarbons for the object in question are those of high density, (say from 0.75 to 0.95",) such as the residue of the distillation of mineral oils, (masut, astatki, fueloils, &c.;) but also raw mineral oils can be used.

As condensation agents baryta, calcium hydrate, sodium hydrate, (this substance, it is true, gives less favorable results,) chlorid of zinc, &c., and in certain s ecial conditions chlorid of aluminium may be employed.

The following is anexample of one Way of carrying out the process according to this invention on an industrial basis. One hundred kilograms of suint or of raw lanolin are treated with two kilograms of a mixture of two parts. of sulfuric acid and of three parts of commercial nitric acid and thoroughlystirred at a high temperature until an ether smell becomes noticeable and yellowish fumes appear. At this moment a certain quantity of alkaline Water for stopping or quieting the reaction and-preventing carbonization of the mass is quipkly added hot, the stirring being continued all the time. The resultant mass is afterward subjected to compression, filtration, or other improved means for separating liquid from the solids and the remaining solids then dried, then introduced into one thousand kilograms of heavy mineral oil arranged in an airtight boiler or autoclave in the'presence of ten kilograms of baryta or an approximately similar quantity of caustic lime. On the intrcducticn of these substances the boiler is exposed to a temperature of 300 to 600 centigrade, care being taken to allow from time to time the gases, ammonia fumes, &c., to escape and the condensation is allowed to continue until the mass becomes resiniiied to a certain extent. This mass is .cast into molds, where it solidifies and becomes harder on cooling and can be dried by the action of the atmospheric air. The drying can be accelerated by ventilation by means of a current of dry and cold air. The mass thus obtained constitutes the new aggiutinant and agglomerating material. It is in a solid state and has a more or less great consistency. It is homogeneous, sticky to the touch, and has a specific gravity varying from 090 to 009 It melts between 80 and 90 centigrade and has a very high flash pointof 300 centigrade. It is insoluble in water. Y

According to this invention the new agglu 5 tinant substance is chiefly intended to ;be used as a suitable agglomerating substance for combustible agglomerative mixtures and at the same time to greatly increase the heating power of the latter. In view ofitsagglw to tinant power it can, however, be also used either alone on mixed with other" substances 'fOIl producing plastic bodies *orina'terialsy and in view of its impermeability it can beuse'das a coatingcomposition or: paint, lt 'al'so' has '1 5 very advanta eouslubricating properties and can therefore e-used as a' consistent'lubrieant. Incertainpases this substance in order tube applied have to be liquefied 'or melted "or treat'ed- =by' some solvenu'orldiluent; such *asnaphtha,'carbon sulfid,'earbon*tetrabh1oi'id, &c. Owin to its solid state, it can be easily transporte either in the" form of molded agents.- most any" combustible mateiial maybe used in connection withthe mannfam *ture of the 'bri'cpcets -s'uch;ton instance; as

, It is necessarywpoi t out a 'v'eryimporvant "advance e in the u iliza'tion ofthe newm'ateterialp w 'eh' consists 1 in the fact 'that i when 'pconfdei d-ust siich as' lignitey peat; &c. 1t

able tanks, or in bulk. Itcan' be mixed in 2 5 various proportions with combustible agents "prdduces briquetswhihhcan be transformed into coke and advantageously used for metal- :lur icali purposes. What I claim as my invention, and desire to secure by Letters Patent, is- 1. The process of making a combustible agglutinant and agglomerating substance, consisting in treating substantially one hund-red parts by'weight of suint with two parts by weight of a mixture containing forty per cent. sulfuric acid and 'sixty per centmnit'ric "acid; stoppin the'reaction by the addition of an alkaline so ntion;extracming'thewatenjdry- 3 :ing the siilfomitrams obtained;- introducing into-* substantially one 1 thousand 4 :parts why weight bf heavy hydrocarbon mineral oil- "in the pre'sence oi :ten parts bywei'ghtrofzaniactive condensation agenmandcausing .thenreaction to' take place in =a ClOSGdIVGSSBllfit a a high temperature :until resinification :"ofutheh 5 mass takes-place. V A

2. The-J process of: making a cornbulstible agglutinanh and an 'a'gglomerating substance consisting in treating substan'eially one hundred parts by w1eight ot suintywisth-twoiparts *byw'eight 'or' a :nnK-ture containing forty per cents-sulfuric acid: and sixty per-cent: nitric acid; stopping the reaction :by rthei'addition of I an alkalinesolution, extractinghhewatemdrying the nitrates obtained; in troducing lthe ni-z: *tratesl into substantial-1y one 'thousand paints by weight of heavy hydno'cnh'bon I mineral; oil in the presence of substantially ten ipartsaby weight ofbaryta; and causingthe'reaictionito take place ina closed vessel at hightemperakio ture dmtiI rQsinificaition" bf: 'the :m'assirt'akes place.

In testimony whereof I; have signed: my nametd this specificationiinIthe'pnesence of twoysubsoribingwitnesses.

j RENE-ADOLPHE LE MKITRE.

' Witnesses:

-A\. GRAY, 

